Varieties of furniture paints, their properties and principles of application

The need for painting usually occurs when the old appearance of the furniture ceases to suit. This can happen due to the natural deterioration of furniture or, if necessary, restoration of the item. Do not forget that the furniture is purchased initially unpainted. It is cheaper and allows the owner to decorate it on their own. In addition, it must be borne in mind that furniture paint will protect the surface from damage.

Scope of application

Varieties of furniture paints are enough to not only be limited to painting or restoring wooden furniture. You can repaint the product with the coating already applied or make the primary finish of the material. In any case, it is important to ensure that the work surface is perfectly flat. Before painting, it is necessary to eliminate defects with putty, after which the furniture should be sanded and primed.

Depending on what paint the master chooses, you can change the appearance of the entire product. When painting furniture made of MDF at home, you can use epoxy, polyurethane, nitrocellulose paints. Coloring compositions with equal success are used for rare and modern furniture. You can also repaint the furniture from chipboard with your own hands, artificially aged.

A variety of effects achieved by applying a layer of paint or varnish, provides the designer with a lot of possibilities:

• Applying several layers of colorless varnish will give the furniture a natural wood color with a yellowish tint;
• You can radically change the color due to paint for particleboard, while the surface structure will be visible and will remain unchanged;
• You can increase the gloss level of furniture by using colorless varnish on already painted furniture - the color itself will remain unchanged. Another popular technique is the use of glossy furniture varnish for painted wooden furniture with a matte finish. This technique allows you to greatly change the appearance of the subject;
• Depending on the chosen paint or varnish, as well as when selecting the number of layers, you can get many options for the appearance of wood. If initially the surface of the object was colorless, then using odorless paint, you can give the tree the appearance of a pine or larch. More saturated are the colors of mocha or mahogany. Shades of walnut, beech and oak are considered dark.

Varieties

When searching for paint for children's furniture, you should pay attention to the conditions of use, and not to personal preferences. The basic factor is the type of surface, as for metal and wooden furniture there are their own, separate paints and varnishes. The most popular are acrylic paints, as their composition is environmentally neutral. This allows you to use paint in any room. After the liquid has evaporated, an elastic film forms on the treated surface. The composition of the paint includes a polymer, which provides high-quality adhesion of paint and surface, as well as a fine fraction polyacrylic dye.

Fillers are responsible for the level of gloss and dullness. Since wood requires protection, antibacterial fillers are added to the paint. There are also additives on which the density and curing time of the paint depend. Acrylic paint is good in that it can be removed until it is completely frozen. How to wipe off the paint? It is best to use warm water and a sponge. Acrylic paints are almost the only material that allows moisture to evaporate, but does not pass through it. It turns out that the surface of the furniture will breathe. It does not matter with what intensity the paint will be used, since the color fixation lasts for decades. No need to think about how to remove the smell of paint, since acrylic paints practically do not have it. This means that the furniture can be in any room, even without ventilation. It is also worth mentioning about such types of paint as:

1. Gouache and watercolor - they can paint furniture. They can be used exclusively as a material for artistic coloring. For the main background substrate, it is better to use other types of tools. Of the properties of the material can be noted dissolution in water and fading in the sun. Printed furniture should be kept away from water and sunlight. Wash off the paint is quite simple. The advantage can be considered the relatively low price of the material, so you can often experiment;
2. It should be noted paints and enamels on organic solvents - they can be combined into one group. Oil paints are out of date, as they do not last very long on the surface. The average term is approximately 3-5 years. But then oil paints give a high-quality gloss;
3. For furniture facades, car enamel (paint in spray cans) may be suitable. It must be used if the facade is plastic or metal. Use car paint for wood furniture is not recommended;
4. Paints can also include varnishes and impregnations, as they are able to change the appearance of the item. Impregnations and tinting additives are already used on a painted surface, when it needs to be given a special look. As for varnishes, they, like paints, can be oil, acrylic, nitrocellulose. And impregnation and varnishes can only be used if the furniture is wooden. They penetrate deep into the structure of the tree, provides protection of wood fibers from pests;
5. Silicone-based water-based paints are odorless; moreover, they can be used to repair cracks. The coating will hold for a long time, even if the furniture is in a room with a high level of humidity;
6. As for the latex-based aqueous emulsion ink, its properties can be compared with oil paint. But at the same time, it does not have a pungent smell. You can use this paint only in warm rooms, since at low temperatures the coating may begin to crack;
7. Alkyd paints do not react to humidity in any way, and they cost an order of magnitude lower than water-based materials. Such a coating will not have a long service life, since the film will have a thickness of not more than 0.1 mm.

If acrylic is not suitable, then you can choose chalk paints. The chalk recipe involves the use of an acrylic or latex mixture - it will act as the basis. As a fixer, gypsum or grout for narrow joints can act. Water is also added to the mixture. How to make chalk paint? Typically, the proportions of water and the fixing element are one to one, and the paint is added at will.

The meaning of creating chalk paint is that the material is unique in its versatility - chalk paint lays on any surface with the same quality. It can be used for chipboard, and for any other surface. Paint can be used without prior surface preparation.

Color selection rules

To the owner of the apartment was satisfied with the painted furniture, it is important to choose the right paint, given the style used in the interior. There are a number of popular areas - they require the use of different types of coloring mixtures.

• Minimalism and Scandinavian style can be combined into one category, since both options are characterized by the predominance of simple lines, a minimum of unnecessary details and the use of only natural materials. In colors, you must adhere to monochrome, that is, dark colors should contrast with pastel colors and vice versa. The color with which the furniture will be painted is selected depending on the shade of the walls;
• The complete opposite is the boho style - it uses the most vivid colors. In this case, you can artificially age the furniture, for example, use Shabby paint;
• When using the Mediterranean style, wenge paint can be used, but calm pale colors should be present at the base of the palette. In this situation, it is also possible to stylize antique furniture;
• Moroccan exotic implies the use of bright colors, it will also be appropriate to create multilayer textures;
• When using industrial style, you need to understand that in this case, roughly painted interior items are welcome. Since the hallmark of the style is a large amount of light and free space, thixotropic paint of light colors can be used;
• If the industrial style is a modern direction, then Provence is closer to antiquity. The colors should be calm, pastel, and the furniture can be specially made old with paint. Aged furniture is also suitable for Victorian style, as for the color of the furniture, then you need paint for leather furniture in light shades.

In addition to style, the material of furniture is of great importance. Furniture made from MDF or plywood is quite time-consuming painting. The familiar does not very well lie on the surface - it is better to use spectacular paints. For plastic furniture, it makes sense to use thick pigmented mixes.

Still need to learn how to apply various staining techniques. Provence, Mediterranean and eclectic style will require furniture to age. It is very important to wait until the previous coat of paint dries before applying the next. Use should be matte paint in combination with dark wax. When the painting of furniture from mdf at home is completed, you will need to walk on it with sandpaper.

Parameters and specifications

There are a lot of parameters for paints - some of them are odorless, which allows them to be used in a children's room, with other types they cover a chip structure. There are enough nuances in choosing colors:

1. Acrylate paint is characterized by the fact that it is diluted with water, while the material has good enough adhesion. Is it possible to paint chipboard with acrylate paint? - Can. It is suitable for this as well as alkyd. After painting, they form a film with good adhesion. The material itself is wear resistant;
2. Priming paints are applied under the finishing paint. The meaning of its application is to connect the work surface and the finishing paint;
3. Latex paints are diluted with water and dry very quickly;
4. There is also a classification of basic colors. Base A contains paints used to produce light colors. Base C includes funds used to produce dark colors. They necessarily add tinting pastes. The EP base includes wood preservatives and wood stains.

On sale you can find solvent-free latex paint. Its use will mean no need to REMOVE THE ODOR OF PAINT. It can be used for rooms where children or allergies live.

When using furniture paints, specific terms may be used. Under normal conditions, it is customary to mean an air temperature of about 23 degrees and an air humidity of about 50%. To understand whether it is possible to paint furniture from particleboard with a specific type of paint, you need to decide whether it will be necessary to wash this furniture - compounds that are resistant to washing do not change their properties even after intensive washing. As for thixotropy, this paint is well aligned on the work surface.

What is suitable for metal

Regardless of the processing method or furniture paint chosen, it is important to pre-prepare the surface. The peculiarity of metal furniture is that it needs to be cleaned, sanded and painted with a primer. Applying paint for furniture made of chipboard differs from similar work for objects made of metal - here it is better to use a spray gun.

There are several different techniques for applying paint to the metal surface of furniture, for example, you can highlight craquelure. What paint to paint furniture in the style of craquelure? Any paint will do. First, the metal is cleaned with sandpaper, after which the surface is coated with primer paint. Cracking agent is already applied over the base layer - you need to make sure that it is suitable for metal. When the process of forming the effect is over, you need to cover this layer with another layer of paint.

You can add furniture with a touch of luxury due to the gilding effect. It must be borne in mind that to achieve maximum effect, it is necessary to clean the material from dirt. After cleaning, the surface must be treated with sandpaper, then coated with paint in several layers. What paint to paint the furniture does not matter, the next step is important.

It is necessary to apply a layer of metallic paint - this will cost less than using gold or silver foil. As for artificial aging, then you need to apply a dark glaze over the base layer. Such glaze is made independently; acrylic or latex paint can act as it. With a light base background, for example, with a yellow or cream color of the base, use black or black-green glaze. It is applied after the base has dried. The proportions of paint and water in the glaze should be one to one. When the glaze is slightly set, it will need to be wiped off with a damp cloth. The remains of dark paint will remain in the recesses, giving the furniture a look of antiquity.

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